Responding to the federal indictment of Donald Trump for actions surrounding January 6, 2021, the Court held for the first time that a former president enjoys absolute immunity from criminal prosecution for actions within his 'core' constitutional authority, at least presumptive immunity for other official acts, and no immunity for unofficial conduct. Chief Justice Roberts's majority reasoned that the threat of prosecution would chill vigorous execution of the office. Justice Sotomayor's dissent warned the ruling makes the President 'a king above the law.' The decision reshapes accountability for executive misconduct and its full contours will be litigated for years.