Lived

December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862

Home State

New York

Party

Democratic

Vice President

Richard M. Johnson

Martin Van Buren organized the modern Democratic Party machine in New York and served as Jackson's Vice President before winning the presidency in 1836. His single term was overwhelmed by the Panic of 1837 and the ensuing depression. He established the Independent Treasury system to separate federal funds from private banks and refused to annex Texas over the slavery question. Later he ran on the Free Soil ticket opposing slavery's expansion, a stand that cost him the South but preserved his anti-slavery conscience. New York attorney, U.S. Senator, Governor of New York, Secretary of State and Vice President under Jackson.

Kinderhook Academy; read law without attending college.

Established the Independent Treasury system to separate federal funds from private banks. Refused to annex Texas over the slavery question, delaying the sectional crisis. Later ran for President in 1848 on the Free Soil ticket opposing slavery's westward expansion. Signed the Independent Treasury Act (1840, later repealed).

Presided over the Panic of 1837 and the ensuing depression. Continued Jackson's Indian removal, including the forced march of the Cherokee on the Trail of Tears.